- “4 Wheels to Survival: Your Car and Civil Defense.” United States Printing Office, 1955.
- “Six Steps to Survival.” United States Printing Office, 1955.
- “Safe because some American looked to the SKY!” Ground Observer Corps, U.S. Air Force, 1953.
Here’s the thing about civil defense during the early Cold War: The federal government didn’t necessarily believe that duck-and-cover or fallout shelters would actually save lives in the event of nuclear war. Rather, the promotion of civil defense measures was connected to the belief that the government needed to bring home to the public that the Cold War was a REAL war, like WWII was a real war. During WWII, things like war bonds and victory gardens were used to create a feeling of common investment in victory, and civil defense aimed at recapturing that spirit of popular participation. Thus, the Eisenhower administration encouraged the formation of civil defense volunteer groups and the like, but spent practically no money on, say, building bomb shelters. Eisenhower himself was convinced that nuclear war would mean annihilation of both sides, and placed his hopes on deterrence through a policy of massive retaliation.
For more:
Guy Oakes, The Imaginary War: Civil Defense and American Cold War Culture (Oxford University Press, 1994)
Andrew D. Grossman, Neither Dead nor Red: Civil Defense and American Political Development during the Early Cold War (Routledge, 2001)
Kenneth D. Rose, One Nation Underground: The Fallout Shelter in American Culture (New York University Press, 2001)